Most low- to moderate-income households in North America must contend with the critical shortage in medium-density housing. Since the mid-1940s, American cities have been emblematic of low- and high-density developments with little in-between. The...

During this installment of the CDFA Food Systems Finance Webinar Series, we look at tax credit programs that allow businesses and investors to claim a tax credit for committing resources to a food system project or business. We also explore how...

The CDFA has announced its support for federal legislation to create a temporary federal tax credit that would encourage the conversion of vacant and under-utilized commercial properties into residential housing. The bipartisan bill (H.R. 9002/S....

Throughout the U.S., individual states offer unique tax credits and negotiated incentives to attract or retain business operations. Currently, there are more than 2,400 state and local incentive programs available. There are a variety of ways these...

This content refers to the state low-income housing tax credit programs - not the federal LIHTC program. The following chart is intended for summary purposes only. As state LIHTC programs vary widely, it is recommended that you gather complete...

Fourteen states provide Child Tax Credits to reduce poverty, boost economic security, and invest in children. States with fully refundable Child Tax Credits in 2024 are California, Colorado, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New...

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the Child Tax Credit (CTC) are two of the most effective anti-poverty tools in the United States, helping to boost household economic security and incentivize work for millions of Americans each year....

The New Markets Tax Credit Program (NMTC Program) helps economically distressed communities attract private investment capital. This federal tax credit helps to fill project financing gaps by enabling investors to make larger investments than would...

The Climate Capital Guidebook aggregates current federal funding opportunities—including grants, loans, loan guarantees, and cooperative agreements—for small- and medium-sized companies, both start-ups and established businesses, focusing on clean...

This notice modifies the existing domestic content safe harbor in Notice 2023-38, provides a new elective safe harbor for determining the domestic content bonus credit amounts under §§ 45, 45Y, 48, and 48E of the Internal Revenue Code, and requests...

This notice provides additional guidance to clarify and amplify the procedures for the allocation of credits under Section 48C of the Internal Revenue Code regarding the qualifying advanced energy project credit program.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service released final guidance describing rules and definitions for transferrable tax credits/incentives in the Inflation Reduction Act. They will be published in the April 30, 2023,...

This announcement addresses the Federal income tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of amounts paid toward the purchase of energy efficient property and improvements under the Department of Energy Home Energy Rebate Programs pursuant to the...

On January 31, 2024, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024. The bill now moves to the U.S. Senate. This resource provides a technical summary of the bill's provisions.

In this report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), research finds that the cost of projects using the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) varies widely and that there's minimal federal oversight. Currently, no federal agency has...

The purpose of this report is to identify and review existing research and data on the unique history, challenges, industries, actors, and available funding and capital sources that shape how tribes and Native actors successfully participate in...

The NMTC Coalition’s annual report on the loans, investments, and community impact of the New Markets Tax Credit.

This guide from Bricker Graydon outlines the array of tools with which Ohio economic development practitioners can intervene to stimulate or induce development to occur — or occur sooner than market forces sometimes allow — in their communities....

The purpose of this toolkit is to provide an overview of the tools in the development finance toolbox -- such as bonds, tax increment finance, tax credits, and revolving loan funds -- and how they can direct and attract capital to rural businesses...

The BlueGreen Alliance Foundation researched state Qualified Allocation Plans (QAPs) and developed this report to encourage states to learn from each other and improve efficiency, health, and equity in housing and create good jobs. These findings...

Financing from the federal New Markets Tax Credit Program enabled the Red Lake Nation to expand and upgrade its main grocery and retail hub, the Red Lake Trading Post, in northern Minnesota. In addition to the deli and cafe sections pictured here,...

The Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians is responsible for delivering high-quality public services and investing in new business opportunities for its community. The band used New Markets Tax Credits (NMTC) to finance this...

The New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) Native Initiative is the next step in broadening the on-ramp to the NMTC Program. The goal of the NMTC Native Initiative is to increase NMTC investments in Federal Indian Reservations, Off-Reservation Trust Lands,...

Stakeholders share frontline experiences using a key tool for attracting capital in Native communities.

The American Rescue Plan has helped to power one of the strongest and most equitable recoveries on record while making investments that position our nation for economic success in the coming decades. Over the last year, American Rescue Plan programs...

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA), signed by President Biden on August 16, 2022, changed a wide range of tax laws and includes over $320 billion in new and expanded incentives for energy efficiency, renewable and clean energy investments,...

A new report from Croatan Institute highlights how the Soil Wealth Area model can facilitate more investment in regenerative agriculture, enhance conservation, and support resilient rural economies. The report provides specific recommendations for...

Linking development finance and food systems can be a daunting undertaking for any community. Research on the current ecosystem of food systems finance has positioned CDFA to identify key strategies for the path ahead in this work. The Food Systems...

More than two dozen advocates for low-income housing and community investment are sounding the alarm over the global tax deal agreed to by the U.S. and dozens of other countries. The advocates specifically are worried about proposed rules for a...

The Federal Reserve has created this book to bring together community and economic development researchers, practitioners, philanthropists, and others to showcase the great work happening across this country and to outline a framework for conducting...

The undersigned organizations, including representatives of state and local governments and the affordable housing industry, strongly urge you to adjust the underlying statute of the SLFRF program to facilitate its use with the Low Income Housing...

Using data from the National Housing Preservation Database (NHPD), this report focuses on the challenge of preserving the federally assisted housing stock in the face of the national affordability crisis and chronic underfunding for housing programs.

States across the country are starting to gather data and use evidence to systematically evaluate tax incentives. To illustrate what sort of evaluations states are conducting, NCSL created a database of state tax incentive evaluations. Evaluations...

IRS Revenue Procedure 2021-45 sets out the calendar year 2022 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit and Bond Volume Caps.

Many economic development organizations (EDOs) have embraced the mission to support entrepreneurial firms in their communities. EDOs engage in their entrepreneurial ecosystems, in part, by providing resources, sometimes in the form of business...

Novogradac conducted an analysis of the private activity bond (PAB) financed by test for low-income housing tax credits (LIHTCs). The analysis determined that lowering the financed by test for PAB test from the current law threshold of 50 percent to...

This webinar discussed how Bonds, Tax Increment Finance, Tax Credits as well as the litany of federal funding through recent legislation can work for your project and ultimately the community that is benefitting.

Developed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the newly enhanced Community Investment Explorer (CIE) 2.0 includes over 73 million transactions totaling over $3.2 trillion in community and economic development capital from 2012 to 2020. This...

The federal Brownfields Tax Incentive was established by Congress in 1997 and was in place for 14 years but was not renewed by Congress in 2012. The report sponsors are concerned that there was insufficient information about the outstanding success...

The Biden-Harris Administration is proposing a bold investment in America's housing infrastructure to make housing more affordable for working and middle-class families. The American Jobs Plan pairs $213 billion in direct funding with more than $100...

The Resilience in New Mexico Agriculture Strategic Plan provides broad recommendations are coupled with specific, actionable strategies. The implementation of this plan is critical to achieving greater agricultural and natural resource resiliency,...

This chartbook compares the breadth of general sales and excise tax bases across the states. It categorizes detailed personal consumption expenditures (as measured in the Bureau of Economic Analysis National Income and Products Accounts) by their...

During this installment of the CDFA Food Systems Finance Webinar Series, we explored how investing in food-centered redevelopment can restore local food systems infrastructure, catalyze additional neighborhood development, and protect healthy,...

The Made in America Tax Plan Report describes President Biden’s Made in America tax plan, part of the newly announced American Jobs Plan. Importantly, this tax plan would generate new funding to pay for a sustained increase in investments in...

This excel sheet from the CDFI Fund contains transaction-level data collected on New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) investments across the nation from fiscal years (FY) 2003 - 2019.

Opportunity Zones are a powerful way to encourage revitalization in economically distressed communities. Redevelopment of current or former Superfund sites may qualify for Opportunity Zone tax benefits. View this EPA fact sheet for more information.

Food Forward NYC is the City’s first ever 10-year food policy plan, laying out an ambitious interagency policy framework to reach a more equitable, sustainable, and healthy food system by 2031. The success of this plan depends on the partnership of...

The federal programs and tools available today to help generate social and economic development in rural communities serve as a reminder of active and broad federal involvement in the 20th century, and the possibilities for federal leadership to...

The Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives Program, administered by the National Park Service in partnership with the State Historic Preservation Offices, is the nation’s most effective program to promote historic preservation and community...

The New Partnership on Infrastructure seeks to advance national policies driven by local innovation, with cities serving as testbeds for experimentation and transferable solutions. This document champions that idea. It is a summation of local...