Tax Credit Finance Resource Center

Tax credit programs allow businesses and investors to claim tax credits for committing resources to a project or business. Several different types of tax credit programs exist at the federal and state levels to encourage investments in redevelopment projects, affordable housing, specific industries, and communities of all sizes.

The Tax Credit Finance Resource Center provides information about the various tax credit programs available and how they can be used within the context of development finance. Tax credits directly reduce a tax payer's tax liability and are not a deduction, thus making them a very desirable and effective tool. They can be used in urban, rural and suburban communities, and in some cases on a regional basis. They can also provide a targeted impact by addressing many different community sectors, such as low-income neighborhoods, historic districts and under-served markets that present opportunities for new investment.

There are three main federal tax credit programs: New Markets Tax Credits, Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits and Low-Income Housing Tax Credits. There are also numerous state tax credit programs available, which can be found in the map provided in the resource center below.

In order to receive a tax credit, an investor must first demonstrate that an investment has been made. Such a resource commitment could be an investment in a bricks and mortar real estate project or a cash investment in a business. The distributor of the tax credit is authorized to issue credit based on the actual outlay of resources as evidenced by the investor. Tax credits can be used for several purposes in development projects: to provide an increased internal rate of return for investors, to reduce the interest rates on a particular financing package, and perhaps most importantly, to provide a repayment method for investors in place of cash. In the latter case, the credits can often be sold on the secondary market to generate income.

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-Understanding Tax Credits

Interested in learning more about Tax Credits? This section contains resources on understanding the basics of Tax Credits.

Learn more about Tax Credits.

Remaking the Case for Tax Credits

Federal | Tax Credits

In the January 2011 issue of the Novogradac Journal of Tax Credits, Michael J. Novogradac outlines this basics of low-income housing tax credits, renewable energy tax credits, historic tax credits, and new market tax credits. In light of 2010's increased scrutiny on tax expenditures, Novogradac points out that these tax credits provide far-reaching social and economic benefits at the national, state and local levels.

New Markets Tax Credit Fact Sheet - From New Markets Tax Credit Coalition

Federal | Tax Credits | U.S. Dept. of Treasury CDFI Fund

This fact sheet, provided by the New Markets Tax Credit Coalition, provides a basic overview of the federal New Markets Tax Credit Program.

Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program Fact Sheet

Federal | Tax Credits | U.S. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development (HUD)

This fact sheet, provided by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, provides an overview of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Program. Elements include how the credits work, how they are awarded, and how LIHTC projects can provide Community Reinvestment Act consideration.

National Historic Preservation Tax Incentive Program Booklet

Historic Preservation | Tax Credits | U.S. Dept. of Interior - National Park Services (NPS)

This booklet, provided by the National Parks Service, provides an overview of the National Historic Preservation Tax Incentive Program in general terms only.

Charlie's Tip for the Long "Brown" Summer: Federal Investment and Economic Development Tax Incentives for Brownfields Financing Members only

Charlie Bartsch with ICF International looks at creative ways to finance brownfields redevelopment under tighter credit markets. The report looks at financing vehicles such as historic rehabilitation tax credits, new markets tax credits, energy efficiency construction tax credit incentives and low-income housing tax credits to provide financing for these programs.

Support Tools for Local Initiatives - Federal Funds for ED Members only

Charlie Bartsch with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency covers a slew of federal financing programs available to support local economic development initiatives. Bartsch provides case studies and examples of how various programs can be applied locally.

Assembling Capital for Mixed-Use Development Members only

Thomas Porter, Director of Commercial Lending at the Vermont Economic Development Authority, discusses unique development financing solutions for mixed-use development.

New Market Tax Credits and Brownfields Members only

Jim Walker discusses how the ability of the NMTC program to expand the availability of credit, investment capital, and financial services in distressed urban and rural communities makes this financing tool a viable option for brownfields redevelopments. Through best practices and case studies, this session examines the NMTC structure that's been shown to produce financing and attract developers to brownfield projects in Florida.

Financing for Attainable Housing Members only

Mitch Rosenstein discusses how the workforce housing movement is building in Florida and talks about the different financing tools that can be assembled to address the gap needed to make workforce housing and affordable housing available.

-New Markets Tax Credit Resources

The NMTC Program is provided by the CDFI fund to attract private capital into low-income communities by permitting individual and corporate investors to receive a tax credit against their federal income tax in exchange for making equity investments in specialized financial intermediaries called Community Development Entities (CDEs).

Finance Fund Invests in UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute Members only

University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute (UCGNI) is comprised of a diverse group of world-class physicians and faculty that provide specialized services for complex neurologic and psychiatric disease, illness, and injuries. Finance Fund provided $8 million of federal NMTC allocation; Cincinnati Development Fund, Inc. provided $8 million of federal NMTC allocation; Uptown Consortium, Inc. provided $20 million of federal NMTC allocation; and Capital One Community Renewal Fund, LLC, the investor, provided an additional $5 million of federal NMTC allocation.

Finance Fund Invests in Charter Manufacturing Members only

New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) financing enabled Charter to acquire the equipment and machinery needed to operate its new, $148 million, 170,000 sq. ft. rolling mill, which is adjacent to its existing coil mill and steel making facility.

NMTC Program Award Book CY 2018 Members only

The CDFI Fund awarded 73 community development entities $3.5 billion under the 2018 allocation round of the New Markets Tax Credits program. The recipients are located in 35 states also including Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.

NMTC Investors Show Appetite For Healthy Food Financing Activities Members only

Public and private partners are finding ways to serve more healthy food options to economically distressed communities with a few helpings of new markets tax credits (NMTCs).

CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series: Unwinding Tax Credit Unwinds Members only

During this installment of the CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series, Lillian Plata with Nee Plata Law LLC presented on the structure of tax credit unwinds for New Markets Tax Credit and Low-Income Housing Tax Credit deals.

View More New Markets Tax Credit Resources

-Historic Tax Credit Resources

The Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives program is provided by the National Parks Service to encourage private sector investment in the rehabilitation and re-use of historic buildings.

National Historic Preservation Tax Incentive Program Booklet

This booklet, provided by the National Parks Service, provides an overview of the National Historic Preservation Tax Incentive Program in general terms only.

Creative Tax Credit Financing In North Carolina: NMTC, HTC and LIHTC Members only

Mary Nash Rusher of McGuireWoods LLP, Chris Leutzinger of SunTrust Bank, and Brian Oxford of CAHEC present on a panel regarding tax credit financing in North Carolina. This panel was moderated by Brien Desilets of Grant Thornton LLP.

Historic Preservation: An Overlooked Economic Driver, A Study of the Impacts of Historic Preservation in Rhode Island Members only

Historic preservation pays dividends for Rhode Island – its economy, its environment, and its quality of life. The pages that follow identify the ways and the means that Rhode Island benefits.

Annual Report of HTC FY 2017 Members only

Over $5.8 billion in private investment in historic preservation and community revitalization. Along with an estimated 106,846 jobs created in the 2017 fiscal year.

Charlie's Tip for the Long "Brown" Summer: Federal Investment and Economic Development Tax Incentives for Brownfields Financing Members only

View More Federal Historic Tax Credit Resources

-Low Income Housing Tax Credit Resources

The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) is provided by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to encourage and support the development of affordable housing in the United States today.

The Low Income-Housing Tax Credit: Past Achievements, Future Challenges Members only

This report, produced by the Urban Institute, explores why LIHTC is a critical part of the housing safety net. The report details how and why the program has succeeded, the challenges it faces, and why the program is more important than ever.

CDFI Support for Affordable Housing Development in Wisconsin Members only

The changes and trends in the affordable housing industry have a large impact on Wisconsin communities. Continuing to provide an adequate number of homes affordable to low and moderate income households is increasingly difficult. Luckily, there are a number of financing strategies for these developments. Sarah Greenberg with Forward Community Investments discusses CDFI support for affordable housing development in Wisconsin.

Wisconsin State Housing Tax Credit Members only

The changes and trends in the affordable housing industry have a large impact on Wisconsin communities. Continuing to provide an adequate number of homes affordable to low and moderate income households is increasingly difficult. Luckily, there are a number of financing strategies for these developments. Wyman Winston with the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority discusses the latest in the Wisconsin housing market, and how agencies are responding to low income housing tax credit market changes.

Financing Solutions for the Missouri Housing Market Members only

The changes and trends in the affordable housing industry have a large impact on Missouri communities. Continuing to provide an adequate number of homes affordable to low and moderate income households is increasingly difficult. Luckily, there are a number of financing strategies for these developments. Stuart Bullington with the City of Kansas City and Dan Moye with the Economic Development Corporation of Kansas City, MO discuss the latest in the Missouri housing market, and how agencies are responding to low income housing tax credit market changes.

Creative Tax Credit Financing In North Carolina: NMTC, HTC and LIHTC Members only

View More Low Income Housing Tax Credit Resources

-State Tax Credit Resources

Search the map below for tax credit programs by state. This specialized search is part of CDFA's State Financing Program Directory, the only online resource cataloging the development finance programs offered by state governments. Click on a state to see a sample of state tax credit programs available. Login with a CDFA Member account at the top of the page to view full results.

-Case Studies

Tax credits are flexible and can be used at many different levels. CDFA has collected over one hundred case study examples.

Angel Investment Tax Credits in Illinois and Elsewhere Members only

Adam Blair with the Economic Development Research Group discusses Illinois’ extension of the angel investment tax credit and how it compares with similar programs in other states that compete for angel investment

Assembling Capital for Mixed-Use Development Members only

Thomas Porter, Director of Commercial Lending at the Vermont Economic Development Authority, discusses unique development financing solutions for mixed-use development.

Assembling Capital for Mixed-Use Development Members only

Abby Goldenfarb discusses unique development financing solutions for mixed-use development.

Tax Increment Financing: Learning from Research and Municipal "Best Practice"Members only

This issue brief describes some of the notable research on Tax Increment Financing and reviews the challenges associated with the use of this technique. This issue brief is written by Natalia Ermasova and Amanda George from Governors State University.

The Hatchery Chicago Fact Sheet Members only

The Hatchery Chicago is a non-profit food business incubator that enables local entrepreneurs to build and grow successful businesses. Accion, the area’s largest microlender, and ICNC, which runs one of the largest business incubators in the country, are the joint venture partners and building owners. The City of Chicago and its affiliates provided a portion of the land, grants, tax increment financing, and new markets tax credits to help reduce the debt the project must carry.

View More Case Studies

-Headlines

Communities throughout the country use tax credits every day and CDFA collects headlines on projects and news daily.

Sen. Grassley Releases First Reports Examining Tax Extenders
Bloomberg Tax | Aug. 14 | Legislative | Tax Credits

HTCs Help Poorer Buffalo, NY Neighborhoods
WKBW ABC 7 | Aug. 13 | Historic Preservation | Tax Credits

Rosina Plans to Add 40 Jobs with $58M Expansion
The Buffalo News | Aug. 12 | Brownfield Financing | Food Systems Finance | Tax Credits

Little Hope Remains for WI Officials Looking to Recover Funds from Failed Aircraft Deal
Wisconsin Public Radio | Aug. 9 | Community Development | Revolving Loan Funds (RLFs) | Tax Credits

View More Headlines

-Publications

Tax Credit Finance Reference Guide

Written in conjunction with Ice Miller LLP, the Tax Credit Finance Reference Guide examines how to effectively apply tax credits to development opportunities, and explains the basics of tax credits and the fundamentals of using these tools. In addition, the guide walks through the pros and cons of using tax credits along with the guidelines for completing due diligence, performance monitoring, and benchmarking success. This comprehensive Reference Guide discusses in detail the primary tax credits available at the federal level, along with certain state tax credit programs, and includes numerous case studies of successful tax credit projects.

Practitioner's Guide to Economic Development Finance

The Practitioner's Guide to Economic Development Finance 2nd Edition is the only comprehensive resource dedicated to building and utilizing the development finance toolbox. The Practitioner's Guide provides the insight and practical information needed to critically understand how economic development is financed and the tools, strategies and techniques used to build strong communities. From bonds, tax increment finance and special districts to tax credits, seed & venture capital, revolving loan funds and much more, this Guide outlines the financing tools required for succeeding in today's competitive economic development climate.

Unlocking Capital: A Handbook for Becoming a High Performing Development Finance Agency

Unlocking Capital: A Handbook for Becoming a High Performing Development Finance Agency (Handbook) serves as a companion to the Practitioner’s Guide to help illuminate the structures of development finance agencies (DFAs), essential conduits to access development finance tools. The Handbook provides an overview of DFAs and their myriad roles in various development efforts. Included in this discussion is a comprehensive look at over a dozen high-performing DFAs throughout the country. The Handbook is designed to be a starting point for local leaders to engage in the creation or acceleration of a DFA to build and utilize the development finance toolbox.

View More Publications

-Training Courses

CDFA Offers two tax credit courses on an annual basis.

The Intro Tax Credit Finance WebCourse examines the application of tax credit programs in greater economic development finance efforts. This course will discuss the practical application of tax credit programs including brownfields, new markets, low income housing, historic preservation, and state-specific programs.

The Fundamentals Course will help you understand the variety of development finance tools available, from bonds, tax credits and TIF, to federal financing programs, RLFs, and access to capital lending resources.

-Webcasts

CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series: Making the Most of $7B in NMTC Allocation Members only

Tax Credits | Webcasts

During this installment of the CDFA // BNY Mellon Development Finance Webcast Series, our expert speakers provided an inside look into how New Markets Tax Credits can be leveraged and considered opportunities that the double allocation round creates for qualifying projects.

CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series: Exploring the Newark Development Renaissance Members only

Historic Preservation | State Finance Program | Tax Credits | Urban Development | Webcasts

During this CDFA // BNY Mellon Development Finance Webcast, explore financing programs and investment strategies that Newark, New Jersey has employed to encourage redevelopment in the city.

2019 Q2 CDFA Quarterly Legislative Update

Bond Finance | Legislative | Tax Credits | Webcasts

In the second Quarterly Legislative Update of 2019, CDFA's Legislative Team discussed progress on pending CDFA legislation, other pending development finance legislation such as extenders, as well as what to expect from Congress in the coming months.

CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series: The Landscape of Mega Project Initiatives Members only

During this installment of the CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series, expert speakers from CAI Global, Baltimore Development Corporation, Arlington Economic Development, and VEDP provided an in-depth overview of the approaches being used by cities, counties, and states to attract mega projects like Amazon HQ2 and Under Armour.

CDFA // BNY Mellon Webcast Series: Unwinding Tax Credit Unwinds Members only

Tax Credits | Webcasts

View More Webcasts

DFCP Study Pack

The DFCP Complete Book Package contains all of the reference guides to study for the DFCP final exam at a 10% discount.

Unlocking Capital: A Handbook for Becoming a High Performing Development Finance Agency

The Handbook is designed to be a starting point for local leaders to engage in the creation or acceleration of a DFA to build and utilize the development finance toolbox.

Practitioner's Guide to Economic Development Finance 2nd Edition

The Practitioner's Guide provides the insight and practical information needed to critically understand how economic development is financed and the tools, strategies and techniques used to build strong communities.

Tax Credit Finance Reference Guide

The Tax Credit Finance Reference Guide provides an exploratory overview of how communities can use tax credit finance programs to support economic growth. This guide examines how to effectively apply tax credits to development opportunities, and explains the basics of tax credits and the fundamentals of using these tools.